June 2023 - semfis - Mailing lists@ IFISC

Reminder: Talk, TODAY - Friday, Jun 16, 2023 at 11:00
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 16 Jun '23

16 Jun '23

Talk on Friday Jun 16, 2023 at 11:00 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: The architecture of Multifunctional Ecological Networks Speaker: Mar Cuevas-Blanco, IFISC Abstract: This study proposes a novel approach to assess the functional importance of species in an ecosystem by considering their multiple ecological roles, i.e. their multifunctionality. We introduce the concept of function keystonness, which focuses on the robustness of ecosystems against perturbations of ecological functions. The study is based on direct observations recently collected in the islet Na Redona of 16 plant species and 675 animal/fungus species, encompassing 1537 weighted interactions across 6 ecological functions, including pollination, herbivory, seed dispersion, and pathogen-, saprotrophic-, and symbiotic-fungal interaction. We formalize the complete relational dataset as a Resource-Consumer-Function tensor, which is interpreted as a weighted, multipartite, multilayer network. By integrating out the consumer index, we construct a Multifunctional Ecological Network, which shows a stylized nested structure suggesting that certain ecological functions and plant species can be classified as generalists&nbsp;or specialists. By projecting such into the function and plant class, we quantify the ecosystem robustness against perturbations of plant species and ecological functions. The framework highlights the importance of preserving weak ties to maintain ecosystem assembly and its multifunctionality, and overall offers a dual insight from the species and functional perspectives that can guide conservation efforts aimed at reducing biodiversity loss. Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/the-architecture-of-multifunctional-ecological-net/

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Reminder: IFISC Colloquium, TODAY - Thursday, Jun 15, 2023 at 14:30
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 15 Jun '23

15 Jun '23

IFISC Colloquium on Thursday Jun 15, 2023 at 14:30 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: Stochastic thermodynamics of Boolean circuits, finite automata and Turing machines Speaker: David Wolpert, Santa Fe Institute, International Center for Theoretical Physics, Complexity Science Hub, and Arizona State University Abstract: The central concern of computational complexity theory is the&nbsp;minimal &quot;resource costs&quot; needed to perform a given computation&nbsp;on a given type of computer. In the real world, some of the most important resource costs of performing a computation are&nbsp;thermodynamic, e.g., the amount of heat it produces. In this&nbsp;talk I will summarize recent results on how thermodynamic resource costs depend on the computation being performed and the computer&nbsp;being used to perform them. I will start&nbsp;with&nbsp;some&nbsp;new&nbsp;results&nbsp;concerning&nbsp;the&nbsp;thermodynamic&nbsp;costs&nbsp;of&nbsp;performing&nbsp;a&nbsp;given&nbsp;computation in a (loop-free and branch-free) digital circuit.&nbsp;Next I will summarize some results concerning deterministic finite automata (DFA). After that I will review results on how considering the&nbsp;minimal entropy&nbsp;production (EP) of computing a desired output on a TM,&nbsp;rather than the minimal size of an input string that causes the&nbsp;TM&nbsp;to produce that output (i.e., the output&#39;s Kolmogorov complexity), results&nbsp;in a correction term to Kolmogorov complexity. I will end by&nbsp;describing the vast new set of research issues at the intersection of&nbsp;stochastic thermodynamics and computer science theory, issues that&nbsp;expand both fields. Presential in the seminar room, and Zoom stream at&nbsp;https: //zoom.us/j/98286706234?pwd=bm1JUFVYcTJkaVl1VU55L0FiWDRIUT09 Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/stochastic-thermodynamics-of-boolean-circuits-fini/

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Reminder: IFISC Seminar, TODAY - Wednesday, Jun 14, 2023 at 14:30
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 14 Jun '23

14 Jun '23

IFISC Seminar on Wednesday Jun 14, 2023 at 14:30 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: Transition probabilities and diffusion coefficient in interacting particle systems Speaker: Miguel Hoyuelos, IFIMAR, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina Abstract: Transport processes in dense fluids have been widely studied during the last century. Despite these efforts, a rigorous theory is only available at the small concentration limit (Chapman-Enskog method and Boltzmann equation). A continuous system can be divided into cells small enough to be point-like and large enough to contain many particles (as in deriving hydrodynamic equations, we can consider each cell to be in local equilibrium). A general result for transition rates between neighboring cells, W, has recently been obtained (Di Muro and Hoyuelos PRE 104, 044104, 2021). It gives the dependence of W on the thermodynamic state (interactions are represented by the excess chemical potential). It reproduces Darken&#39;s equation (a relationship between the tracer and collective diffusion coefficients, Dc and D, which holds in the absence of memory effects), and predicts that the collective diffusivity does not depend on the thermodynamic state. It also suggests that D/D_0, where D_0 is the tracer diffusivity at low concentration, is a thermodynamic function. These results were verified with molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, experimental results for diffusion in solids are consistent with the theory. Its main limitation is that it does not include memory effects. The talk aims to show that, despite this limitation, the theory is able of providing some new insights into an old problem. Zoom link: https://zoom.us/j/98286706234?pwd=bm1JUFVYcTJkaVl1VU55L0FiWDRIUT09 Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/transition-probabilities-and-diffusion-coefficient/

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Reminder: Talk, TODAY - Tuesday, Jun 13, 2023 at 12:00
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 13 Jun '23

13 Jun '23

Talk on Tuesday Jun 13, 2023 at 12:00 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: A climate-driven epidemiological model for Pierce disease of grapevines Speaker: Alex Giménez Romero, IFISC Abstract: <pre> The vector-borne bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is responsible for Pierce&#39;s disease (PD), a fatal grapevine disease that originated in the Americas. The international trade in plants is expanding the geographic range of this pathogen, which represents a new threat to viticulture worldwide, especially in Europe. To assess the potential incidence of PD, we have built a climate-driven dynamic epidemiological model based on the response of 36 grapevine varieties to the pathogen in inoculation trials and on the spatial distribution of vectors. The model has been applied to past, present and future climate projections, allowing to explain the origins of PD in Europe, highlight current risk areas with great precision and assess future risk. Presential in seminar room, with parallel Zoom stream at&nbsp; https://zoom.us/j/98286706234?pwd=bm1JUFVYcTJkaVl1VU55L0FiWDRIUT09 </pre> &nbsp; Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/a-climate-driven-epidemiological-model-for-pierce/

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Reminder: Outreach Event, TODAY - Monday, Jun 12, 2023 at 19:00
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 12 Jun '23

12 Jun '23

Outreach Event on Monday Jun 12, 2023 at 19:00 Place: Club de Opinión Diario de Mallorca. C/ Puerto Rico, 15 Pol. de Levante Title: Conciencia artificial en la ciencia y en la ficción Speaker: Miguel Hoyuelos, CONICET Abstract: La inteligencia artificial&nbsp;ha sido un tema muy visitado por la literatura y el cine de ciencia ficci&oacute;n. Un par de d&eacute;cadas atr&aacute;s, m&aacute;quinas dotadas con alg&uacute;n rasgo de inteligencia o conciencia humana estaban claramente ubicadas en el terreno de la ficci&oacute;n. En la actualidad, la posibilidad de mantener una conversaci&oacute;n con un tel&eacute;fono m&oacute;vil, o con variantes de GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer), ha hecho que la idea de una m&aacute;quina consciente parezca factible en un futuro quiz&aacute; no lejano. En la primera parte de la presentaci&oacute;n, Hoyuelos hablar&aacute; sobre una serie de pel&iacute;culas de ciencia ficci&oacute;n, haciendo &eacute;nfasis en las que la inteligencia artificial posee, en alguna medida, rasgos humanos. En la segunda parte se tratar&aacute; el problema de la conciencia artificial y a lo que la ciencia dice al respecto a d&iacute;a de hoy. El investigador hablar&aacute; sobre tipos de inteligencia artificial, posibles definiciones de conciencia y la factibilidad de una conciencia artificial. Reserva de entradas gratuita:&nbsp;<a href="https://club.diariodemallorca.es/ver-evento/conciencia-artificial-ciencia-ficcion/">Conciencia artificial en la ciencia y en la ficci&oacute;n | Club de Opini&oacute;n Diario de Mallorca</a> Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/conciencia-artificial-en-la-ciencia-y-en-la-ficcio/

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Outreach Event on Monday, Jun 12, 2023 at 19:00
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 09 Jun '23

09 Jun '23

Outreach Event on Monday Jun 12, 2023 at 19:00 Place: Club de Opinión Diario de Mallorca. C/ Puerto Rico, 15 Pol. de Levante Title: Conciencia artificial en la ciencia y en la ficción Speaker: Miguel Hoyuelos, CONICET Abstract: La inteligencia artificial&nbsp;ha sido un tema muy visitado por la literatura y el cine de ciencia ficci&oacute;n. Un par de d&eacute;cadas atr&aacute;s, m&aacute;quinas dotadas con alg&uacute;n rasgo de inteligencia o conciencia humana estaban claramente ubicadas en el terreno de la ficci&oacute;n. En la actualidad, la posibilidad de mantener una conversaci&oacute;n con un tel&eacute;fono m&oacute;vil, o con variantes de GPT (Generative Pretrained Transformer), ha hecho que la idea de una m&aacute;quina consciente parezca factible en un futuro quiz&aacute; no lejano. En la primera parte de la presentaci&oacute;n, Hoyuelos hablar&aacute; sobre una serie de pel&iacute;culas de ciencia ficci&oacute;n, haciendo &eacute;nfasis en las que la inteligencia artificial posee, en alguna medida, rasgos humanos. En la segunda parte se tratar&aacute; el problema de la conciencia artificial y a lo que la ciencia dice al respecto a d&iacute;a de hoy. El investigador hablar&aacute; sobre tipos de inteligencia artificial, posibles definiciones de conciencia y la factibilidad de una conciencia artificial. Reserva de entradas gratuita:&nbsp;<a href="https://club.diariodemallorca.es/ver-evento/conciencia-artificial-ciencia-ficcion/">Conciencia artificial en la ciencia y en la ficci&oacute;n | Club de Opini&oacute;n Diario de Mallorca</a> Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/conciencia-artificial-en-la-ciencia-y-en-la-ficcio/

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Talk on Tuesday, Jun 13, 2023 at 12:00
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 09 Jun '23

09 Jun '23

Talk on Tuesday Jun 13, 2023 at 12:00 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: A climate-driven epidemiological model for Pierce disease of grapevines Speaker: Alex Giménez Romero, IFISC Abstract: <pre> The vector-borne bacterium Xylella fastidiosa is responsible for Pierce&#39;s disease (PD), a fatal grapevine disease that originated in the Americas. The international trade in plants is expanding the geographic range of this pathogen, which represents a new threat to viticulture worldwide, especially in Europe. To assess the potential incidence of PD, we have built a climate-driven dynamic epidemiological model based on the response of 36 grapevine varieties to the pathogen in inoculation trials and on the spatial distribution of vectors. The model has been applied to past, present and future climate projections, allowing to explain the origins of PD in Europe, highlight current risk areas with great precision and assess future risk. Presential in seminar room, with parallel Zoom stream at&nbsp; https://zoom.us/j/98286706234?pwd=bm1JUFVYcTJkaVl1VU55L0FiWDRIUT09 </pre> &nbsp; Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/a-climate-driven-epidemiological-model-for-pierce/

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IFISC Seminar on Wednesday, Jun 14, 2023 at 14:30
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 09 Jun '23

09 Jun '23

IFISC Seminar on Wednesday Jun 14, 2023 at 14:30 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: Transition probabilities and diffusion coefficient in interacting particle systems Speaker: Miguel Hoyuelos, IFIMAR, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Argentina Abstract: Transport processes in dense fluids have been widely studied during the last century. Despite these efforts, a rigorous theory is only available at the small concentration limit (Chapman-Enskog method and Boltzmann equation). A continuous system can be divided into cells small enough to be point-like and large enough to contain many particles (as in deriving hydrodynamic equations, we can consider each cell to be in local equilibrium). A general result for transition rates between neighboring cells, W, has recently been obtained (Di Muro and Hoyuelos PRE 104, 044104, 2021). It gives the dependence of W on the thermodynamic state (interactions are represented by the excess chemical potential). It reproduces Darken&#39;s equation (a relationship between the tracer and collective diffusion coefficients, Dc and D, which holds in the absence of memory effects), and predicts that the collective diffusivity does not depend on the thermodynamic state. It also suggests that D /D_0, where D_0 is the tracer diffusivity at low concentration, is a thermodynamic function. These results were verified with molecular dynamics simulations. Furthermore, experimental results for diffusion in solids are consistent with the theory. Its main limitation is that it does not include memory effects. The talk aims to show that, despite this limitation, the theory is able of providing some new insights into an old problem. Zoom link: https://zoom.us/j/98286706234?pwd=bm1JUFVYcTJkaVl1VU55L0FiWDRIUT09 Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/transition-probabilities-and-diffusion-coefficient/

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IFISC Colloquium on Thursday, Jun 15, 2023 at 14:30
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 09 Jun '23

09 Jun '23

IFISC Colloquium on Thursday Jun 15, 2023 at 14:30 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: Stochastic thermodynamics of Boolean circuits, finite automata and Turing machines Speaker: David Wolpert, Santa Fe Institute, International Center for Theoretical Physics, Complexity Science Hub, and Arizona State University Abstract: The central concern of computational complexity theory is the&nbsp;minimal &quot;resource costs&quot; needed to perform a given computation&nbsp;on a given type of computer. In the real world, some of the most important resource costs of performing a computation are&nbsp;thermodynamic, e.g., the amount of heat it produces. In this&nbsp;talk I will summarize recent results on how thermodynamic resource costs depend on the computation being performed and the computer&nbsp;being used to perform them. I will start&nbsp;with&nbsp;some&nbsp;new&nbsp;results&nbsp;concerning&nbsp;the&nbsp;thermodynamic&nbsp;costs&nbsp;of&nbsp;performing&nbsp;a&nbsp;given&nbsp;computation in a (loop-free and branch-free) digital circuit.&nbsp;Next I will summarize some results concerning deterministic finite automata (DFA). After that I will review results on how considering the&nbsp;minimal entropy&nbsp;production (EP) of computing a desired output on a TM,&nbsp;rather than the minimal size of an input string that causes the&nbsp;TM&nbsp;to produce that output (i.e., the output&#39;s Kolmogorov complexity), results&nbsp;in a correction term to Kolmogorov complexity. I will end by&nbsp;describing the vast new set of research issues at the intersection of&nbsp;stochastic thermodynamics and computer science theory, issues that&nbsp;expand both fields. Presential in the seminar room, and Zoom stream at&nbsp;https://zoom.us/j/98286706234?pwd=bm1JUFVYcTJkaVl1VU55L0FiWDRIUT09 Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/stochastic-thermodynamics-of-boolean-circuits-fini/

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Talk on Friday, Jun 16, 2023 at 11:00
by semfis＠ifisc.uib-csic.es 09 Jun '23

09 Jun '23

Talk on Friday Jun 16, 2023 at 11:00 Place: IFISC Seminar Room Title: The architecture of Multifunctional Ecological Networks Speaker: Mar Cuevas-Blanco, IFISC Abstract: This study proposes a novel approach to assess the functional importance of species in an ecosystem by considering their multiple ecological roles, i.e. their multifunctionality. We introduce the concept of function keystonness, which focuses on the robustness of ecosystems against perturbations of ecological functions. The study is based on direct observations recently collected in the islet Na Redona of 16 plant species and 675 animal/fungus species, encompassing 1537 weighted interactions across 6 ecological functions, including pollination, herbivory, seed dispersion, and pathogen-, saprotrophic-, and symbiotic-fungal interaction. We formalize the complete relational dataset as a Resource-Consumer-Function tensor, which is interpreted as a weighted, multipartite, multilayer network. By integrating out the consumer index, we construct a Multifunctional Ecological Network, which shows a stylized nested structure suggesting that certain ecological functions and plant sp ecies can be classified as generalists&nbsp;or specialists. By projecting such into the function and plant class, we quantify the ecosystem robustness against perturbations of plant species and ecological functions. The framework highlights the importance of preserving weak ties to maintain ecosystem assembly and its multifunctionality, and overall offers a dual insight from the species and functional perspectives that can guide conservation efforts aimed at reducing biodiversity loss. Url event:https://ifisc.uib-csic.es/en/events/seminars/the-architecture-of-multifunctional-ecological-net/

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